Sains Malaysiana 54(7)(2025): 1667-1675

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5407-02

 

Physical and Hydraulic Properties of Soil in Flooding Areas, Shah Alam, Malaysia

(Sifat Fizikal dan Hidraulik Tanah di Kawasan Banjir, Shah Alam, Malaysia)

 

RIYAN SUBEKTI, NORSYAFINA ROSLAN*& NOR SHAHIDAH MOHD NAZER

 

Geology Programme, Department of Earth Sciences & Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 8 Januari 2025/Diterima: 26 Mei 2025

 

Abstract

Floods is a major concern in Shah Alam, Malaysia, affecting communities in terms of duration, frequency and impact. Knowing the nature of the soil and the rate of infiltration can help predict the rate at which water enters the soil, thus, providing information for better flood management. The purpose of this study was to characterize the physical and hydraulic properties of soil in flooding areas. Natural land areas along the banks of Sungai Klang was selected, where this river plays an important role in flooding in Shah Alam. The subsurface lithological layer was developed from the interpretation of borehole log data. The disturbed sample was taken using hand augers until it reached the water table, and a standpipe was installed at each location for water table measurement. The infiltration rate is determined using a double-ring infiltrometer. The results showed that the soil types in the eight study locations were dominated by sand and silt, with shallow water tables. The groundwater level fluctuated during high and low rainfall. Infiltration rates vary, with L1, L2, and L6 having rates of 108 mm/h to 179 mm/h, while L3, L4, L5, L7, and L8 have rates from 60 mm/h to 75 mm/h. Time to soil saturation varies. In dry conditions, all locations take 10 to 25 h for soil to reach saturation level except at L6. During the rainy season, saturation was reached in 2 to 5 h, except for L1, L5, L7 and L8, which took 7 to 10 h.

Keywords: Flood; groundwater-surface water interaction; physical and hydraulic properties of soil; potential of flood

 

Abstrak

Bencana banjir merupakan antara masalah utama di Shah Alam, Malaysia; yang telah meninggalkan impak yang besar terhadap komuniti dari segi tempoh dan kekerapan banjir berlaku. Dengan mengetahui sifat fizikal tanah dan kadar penyusupan air permukaan ke dalam tanah dapat memberikan maklumat untuk pengurusan banjir yang lebih baik. Justeru, kajian ini adalah untuk mencirikan sifat fizikal dan hidraulik tanah di kawasan banjir. Beberapa lokasi banjir di sepanjang tebing (semula jadi) Sungai Klang telah dipilih dengan lapisan litologi subpermukaan dibangunkan daripada tafsiran data log lubang gerudi. Sampel yang terganggu diambil menggunakan auger tangan sehingga mencapai paras air bawah tanah dan paip PVC berslot dimasukkan ke dalam lubang gerudi di setiap lokasi untuk pemantauan paras air bawah tanah. Kadar penyusupan ditentukan menggunakan gelung berganda. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa jenis tanah di lapan lokasi kajian didominasi oleh pasir dan lodak, dengan paras air bawah tanah yang cetek iaitu hampir dengan permukaan. Paras air bawah tanah berubah-ubah mengikut jumlah hujan yang turun. Kadar penyusupan berbeza-beza, dengan L1, L2 dan L6 mempunyai kadar 108 mm/j hingga 179 mm/j, manakala L3, L4, L5, L7 dan L8 mempunyai kadar dari 60 mm/j hingga 75 mm/j. Masa yang diambil untuk tanah menjadi tepu adalah pelbagai. Dalam keadaan kering, semua lokasi mengambil masa 10 hingga 25 jam untuk tanah tepu dengan air kecuali pada L6. Manakala semasa musim hujan, tahap ketepuan dicapai dalam masa 2 hingga 5 jam, kecuali L1, L5, L7 dan L8 yang mengambil masa 7 hingga 10 jam.

Kata kunci: Banjir; interaksi air permukaan-air bawah tanah; potensi banjir; sifat fizikal dan hidraulik tanah

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: finalan@ukm.edu.my